Frequently Asked Questions

Patients with nasal obstruction, septum deviation, narrowed nasal valves, dissatisfaction with appearance, and a wish to address both function and aesthetics in the same operation are ideal candidates. Anyone physically mature (16–18+) and without uncontrolled medical conditions can be evaluated.

Surgery is performed under general anaesthesia; duration is 2–4 hours depending on case complexity. Most patients experience mild-to-moderate post-operative pain, controlled by analgesics. The first 24 hours feature swelling and a sensation of pressure as the most prominent complaints.

Modern functional rhinoplasty uses silicone nasal splints rather than traditional gauze packing. Splints do not restrict airflow — the patient can breathe comfortably through the nose post-op. The splint is removed at the 7-day follow-up.

2–3 hours depending on case complexity. Revision cases can extend to 4 hours.

Typical cases discharge same day. Complex cases or patient preference may include one overnight observation.

Minimum 12 months. Oedema must subside, tissues fully heal, and the result must clarify. Early revision risks misreading transient oedema as permanent flaw.

Medical outcomes cannot be guaranteed. With clinical experience + academic foundation, 85–90% patient satisfaction is predictable. Expectation management is in writing.

First 4–6 weeks show mild redness. After 6–12 months, the columellar line becomes difficult to notice even on close inspection. For most patients, the scar is no concern.

No — just different. Closed has a recovery-time advantage in simple primary cases. Open is preferred in complex cases for the much better surgical visibility.

Yes but not recommended. Excessive reduction disrupts male facial proportion and creates an "operated" look. The target is a nose harmonious with facial proportions.

A standard ENT examination covers otoscopy (ear), anterior rhinoscopy (nose), oropharynx, and neck palpation. Based on the complaint, flexible nasopharyngoscopy, fiberoptic laryngoscopy, audiometry, or tympanometry may be added. Endoscopic evaluation is performed in the same session at the clinic.

Yes. In children, adenotonsillar disease, otitis media with effusion, and allergic rhinitis dominate. In adults, sinusitis, sleep apnea, voice disorders, and head & neck oncology are more common. Anaesthetic approach and post-operative follow-up protocols are adapted to age.

CT or MRI is requested in chronic sinusitis, head & neck masses, vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, and suspected vocal-cord paralysis. Imaging complements the physical exam — never replaces it.

Post-op pain is typically mild-to-moderate, controlled with standard analgesia. The first 24–48 hours feature swelling and pressure as the main complaints.

First 4 weeks: 2–3 times daily. Next 8 weeks: once daily. In chronic rhinosinusitis, daily lifelong irrigation is recommended.

No. Simple snoring (without apnea) is common and may not need treatment. But heavy snoring with witnessed apneas or daytime sleepiness needs polysomnography.

Yes. Mandibular advancement device (up to moderate severity), positional therapy, weight management, upper-airway surgery. The CPAP non-adherence cause (mask type, pressure titration) should be optimised first.

Yes, particularly in adults. First 7 days feature significant throat pain, referred ear pain, and dysphagia. Regular analgesia + soft-cold diet manages pain.

10–14 days of cold, soft diet (ice cream, purée, yogurt, soft pasta). Avoid acidic, spicy, and hard foods — they raise bleeding risk.

No. Asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic deviations need no treatment. Clinically significant obstruction (mouth breathing at night, snoring, sinusitis predisposition) warrants surgical consideration.

No. Most thyroid nodules are benign and routine ultrasound surveillance is sufficient. Surgery is considered for suspicious features (TIRADS 4–5), growth, or FNA cytology indicating malignant/suspicious findings.

Yes — with modern technique. Intraoperative recurrent-laryngeal-nerve monitoring is routine. Temporary hoarseness occurs in 1–3%; permanent hoarseness 0.5–1%.

Yes. Levothyroxine (T4) replacement is lifelong. Dose is titrated per patient; one tablet daily suffices.

After total thyroidectomy, weight stays balanced on appropriate levothyroxine. Weight gain occurs if dosing is inadequate; regular TSH monitoring guides titration.

A 4–6 cm horizontal incision in a neck crease is standard. Visibility decreases significantly over 6–12 months. Robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy in selected cases moves the scar away from the neck (axillary, retroauricular).

First check TSH — if optimal (preferably 0.5–2.5 mIU/L), investigate other causes: B12 deficiency, iron deficiency, vitamin D deficiency, depression, sleep apnea.

Hashimoto slightly increases thyroid lymphoma risk (very rare). Papillary cancer can also be more frequent; ultrasound surveillance is standard.

No. Selection is by TIRADS score; typically the most suspicious-looking and largest nodules go to biopsy. Not all nodules in multinodular goitre need biopsy.

No, performed under local anaesthesia; most patients describe mild pressure. 5–10 minutes; normal activity immediately after.

Mostly yes. With treatment, metabolism normalises and lost weight returns in months. If excessive weight gain occurs, diet and exercise rebalance.

No. Neck masses are often benign (lymphadenitis, cyst). Still, any mass persisting beyond 3 weeks warrants ENT evaluation; fine-needle biopsy clarifies the diagnosis.

Ultrasound stratifies nodules using TIRADS; suspicious nodules undergo fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Cytology guides the treatment plan.

No. In early-stage disease, transoral laser microsurgery preserves voice. If total laryngectomy is required in advanced disease, rehabilitation via tracheoesophageal voice prosthesis, electrolarynx, or oesophageal voice is possible.

Bethesda V or VI cytology indicates surgery. In Bethesda III/IV grey-zone cases, molecular testing or repeat FNA is an option. "Active surveillance" can be an alternative in small (≤1 cm) low-risk microcarcinoma.

No. Not in low-risk cases. In intermediate-to-high risk, surgery + RAI is standard. The decision uses tumour size, histology, genetic mutations, and post-operative thyroglobulin.

Hoarseness exceeding 2 weeks (especially in smokers aged 50+) requires laryngeal examination. Endoscopic laryngeal evaluation + stroboscopy if needed is standard.

Risk decreases but does not zero out — it approaches baseline after roughly the years equal to past use. Annual ENT check-up for 10 years post-cessation is advised.

ENT or oral surgery evaluation is needed. A non-healing ulcer is malignant until proven otherwise; incisional biopsy clarifies.

Yes. HPV-associated oral cancers are rising in younger non-smoking patients. Genetic predisposition and betel/quid use are also risk factors.

A mass persisting more than 2 weeks, larger than 1.5 cm, hard, painless, and not freely mobile is likely malignant. ENT evaluation + ultrasound/CT + fine-needle biopsy clarifies diagnosis.

The most common causes are noise-induced hearing loss, age-related hearing loss, otosclerosis, and rarely acoustic neuroma. Audiometry + MRI if indicated.

Sudden onset lasting minutes to hours, with vomiting and accompanied by neurologic findings (double vision, speech change, facial weakness) requires urgent assessment.

No. BPPV resolves in 85–90% of cases with Epley/Semont manoeuvres. Surgery is rarely needed.

15–50% recurrence within a year. Re-treatment (Epley) remains successful. Falls, head trauma, and vitamin D deficiency increase recurrence.

No definitive cure, but attack frequency and severity are controlled with treatment. Salt restriction (<2g/day), diuretic, betahistine, intratympanic steroid/gentamicin, and as a last resort surgery (endolymphatic shunt, vestibular neurectomy).

Most patients' brains habituate to tinnitus and awareness diminishes. The process may take 6–24 months; active approach (TRT, sound enrichment) shortens it.

This is expected. Low-level background sound (fan, white-noise app, aquarium sound) reduces awareness. If you don't prefer silent sleep, sleep-sound apps help.

No — opposite. Appropriate amplification preserves auditory pathways through stimulation. The indirect danger: not using a hearing aid accelerates degeneration of cortical auditory pathways.

Newborn hearing screening (ABR/OAE) is standard for all babies. Then: turning toward sound at 6 months, simple word comprehension at 12 months, 50+ words at 18–24 months. If in doubt, paediatric audiometry.

No. It is not cancer; however, its cellular behaviour is destructive — it erodes surrounding bone. That is why surgery is required.

Hoarseness exceeding 2 weeks without improvement requires laryngeal examination. The threshold is lower for smokers and individuals over 50.

No. First-line is voice therapy and anti-reflux treatment if needed. Microlaryngeal surgery is considered when conservative therapy fails or for professional voice users with planned scheduling.

30–90 minutes under general anaesthesia. Same-day discharge is typical. A 7–10 day voice-rest protocol follows.

Acute viral laryngitis: 1–2 weeks. LPR with PPI: 4–8 weeks. Vocal-cord nodule with voice therapy: 8–12 weeks. Vocal-cord polyp with surgery: 4 weeks of post-op recovery.

No. First-line is voice therapy (8–12 weeks). Surgery is considered for those not responding to conservative therapy, or for professional voice users with planned scheduling.

Yes for most. Microsurgery + voice therapy gives 85–90% success. Lesion size and accompanying vocal abuse affect the outcome.

Swallow pain (odynophagia) is most often from infection (pharyngitis, tonsillitis) or reflux. However, persistent unilateral odynophagia + weight loss + smoking/alcohol history warrants malignancy workup.

No. A thin fiberoptic endoscope is passed through the nostril; local anaesthetic spray is used. 5–10 minutes. The patient is tested with various food consistencies during swallowing.

Safe for most. Long-term use has been associated with small effects on bone density, B12 absorption, and gut flora; a "step-down" approach (to the lowest effective dose) is preferred after 12 months.

First check adherence: PPI should be taken once daily on empty stomach (30 min before breakfast). Twice-daily dosing or a different PPI class is tried; for refractory cases, 24-hour pH-impedance monitoring + anti-reflux surgery if indicated.

7-10 days typical. First 2 days consultation + workup + surgical prep; surgery 1 day; postop 5-7 days hotel + 3-4 clinic reviews (day 2-3 oedema, day 4-5 dressing, day 7 cast/splint removal); return flight day 7-10. With companion. Clinic approval needed before flight (usually after day 7).

Passport (6 months valid), Türkiye visa (if needed — e-visa for most European + Middle East), flight + hotel confirmations, travel insurance (surgical coverage), family physician health report (TR/EN), medication list + prescription copy, clinic consultation letter, KVKK/GDPR consent forms, emergency contact list (clinic + family + insurance + country consulate).

Varies by surgery. ENT: rhinoplasty 7-10 days, septoplasty 3-5, FESS 7-10, thyroidectomy 3-7, major head-and-neck cancer 21-28. Plastic: blepharoplasty 7-10, face lift 14-21, abdominoplasty 14-21, BBL 14-21. Lung 21-28, cardiac 14-28 days. Surgeon clearance + health + flight duration (short <2h vs long >4h) decisive. Written medical report + airline MEDIF form (if needed).

Open pneumothorax (until full healing); intraocular gas after retinal surgery (until absorbed 2-8 weeks — gas expansion blindness risk); active bleeding or complication; uncontrolled advanced heart failure. After complex head-and-neck or brain surgery 3-4 weeks recommended. Pregnant + premature labour risk after 36 weeks airline restrictions.

Most EU citizens, UK, GCC nationals, Japan, South Korea — visa-free. UAE, Russia, China, US, Australia citizens — e-visa (online, 5-10 minute application). For other countries — Turkish consulate visa application. A clinic invitation letter accelerates the process.

For rhinoplasty, minimum 7-10 days (5-7 hotel nights + surgery day + day-7 splint removal review). For septoplasty or FESS, 5-7 days. For thyroid surgery, 4-6 days. These are standard package durations; tailored to individual needs.